On September 2, 1985 Raymond Delgado, a Texas Mexican Mafia member was murdered in the Ramsey II Unit, by the Texas Syndicate. Texas prisons were mostly gang-free until bloody battles broke out in 1984-85 between the Mexican Mafia and Texas Syndicate as well as the Aryan Brotherhood and Mandingo Warriors. This group has lacked examination within the frameworks of mass incarceration scholarship, even as these studies continue to exponentially grow. Similar parameters also included the Mexican Mafia or La Eme, which formed in California and did not recognize the Texas Mexican Mafia, also known as Mexikanemi from Texas. This influenced who the prison gang incorporated into their monetary endeavors. Both the Texas Syndicate and Mexikanemi team up against the Barrio Azteca. Belgium The Albanian mafia has deep roots in Belgium, which was recently a topic of a special programme on Belgian RTBF Channel One. Then, through negotiations or in armed showdowns, the Albanians struck out on their own, daring to battle the Lucchese and Gambino families for territory in Queens, the Bronx and Westchester County, prosecutors say." He convened a meeting at which members voted to have Arredondo killed, according to prosecutor Tuck Tucker (Fair, 1991). He married Veronica on Saturday June 22, 1985. Paul Vanden Boeynants was released (physically unharmed) a month later, on 13 February, when an undisclosed ransom was paid to the perpetrators. Two Texas Syndicate gang members were sentenced today to a combined 50 years in prison for drug trafficking in Lubbock, announced U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of Texas Erin Nealy Cox. This complicates mass incarceration scholarship which primarily rests along the Black and White binary of American history. It was on this day and in the following . In fact, the building tender system had purposely ignored Mexican Americans as potential candidates based on racial ideas. Simmons published in Prison Legal News October, 2004, page 39. This would also provide an insight into the reach of prison gangs like the Texas Syndicate towards prison guards. Dossier K , a Belgian crime thriller, portrays the Albanian mafia in Belgium . Sandoval experienced the escalated violence in the summer of 1985 first hand as he initiated his career as a correctional officer. Sandoval may have seen these interactions as encouraging, but inmates instead saw vulnerabilities and took advantage. The name Rudaj comes from the boss of the organization. The Azteca's murder their TS victim by slamming his head through jail bars. In 1993, the Barrio Azteca brutally beat and murder a Texas Syndicate member in the El Paso county jail causing the Texas Syndicate to alliance it's self with the Mexikanemi. The issues of guards becoming corrupted continued and continues well into the 2010s. (Houston Chronicle). Immediately after the trial, the community responded. By John Dorney. And all he came down with was a five-year sentence (Riggs, 2011). In July 2007, Texas Syndicate members murder Marcelino "Mars" Rodriguez Torres in Mc Allen, Texas after the gang suspects Rodriguez is a police informant. The earlier allegations explored in the section on the downing the duck process was brought up by the prosecution. App., 2008), In March 2002, Raza Unida members stab a Texas Syndicate member to death at the Polunsky Unit in Livingston, Texas. Amidst Sandovals alleged deeper involvement with this gang activity, he faced a larger problem. PHOTO: Crowd of petitioners, led by Father Gapon, near Narva Gate, St. Petersburg. Their criticism may have largely rested on the divisiveness of race. On January 30, 1972, British soldiers stationed in the Northern Irish city of Derry opened fire on crowds of unarmed civilian protesters, killing 13, mortally wounding another, and injuring 15 others with unprecedented brutality. The complicated history of Whiteness in U.S. history has been explored in the scholarship on Mexican American history but is virtually non-existent in mass incarceration scholarship. App., 2002), On June of 1997 Texas Syndicate and Barrio Azteca settle a truce and sign a peace agreement called the Manifesto. The story arc "The Slavers" of the adult-oriented Marvel comic The Punisher: Frank Castle deals with Albanian criminals engaged in human trafficking. He alleged that internal affairs investigators had beaten him when he was arrested on the murder charge (McKay, 1991). In " We Own the Night "; A final drug transaction is made with the Albanian Mafia. The expiration of membership or getting out only occurred upon the members death. However, they still maintain their headquarters in California, where their national president resides, and their numbers continue to reach into state and federal prisons across the US. The unconstitutional findings exposed by the court ruling uncovered issues within the Texas prison system such as overcrowding, inadequate security (collapsed the building tenders), inadequate healthcare, unsafe working conditions, and severe punishment policies. TDC guard indicted in 1986 slaying of inmate. Houston Chronicle. An official inquiry in 2010 found that none of those killed by the British . This moment was set during the height of prison gang violence that struck the TDCJ during the mid-1980s. In the French movie The Nest the plot centers around an Albanian mob boss in police custody being escorted to The Hague. The Mexican Mafia for example, was formed in 1957 in the Deuel Vocational Institution in Tracy, California and is one of the earliest formed prison gangs to still exist, and continues to exhibit power inside and outside prisons. Texas Syndicate Tattoos: Travis McDonald, the primary prosecutor for the states recently developed prosecution unit headed this charge against crime inside of prisons. Their longer sentences mean they must continue to do the bidding of the prison gangs because they will have a longer stay and cannot escape the gang. If the guard or staff member refused or rejected the task, the inmate(s) then informed them that they would notify prison administrators of previous favors (Bedard, 2013). The video of the event shocked the country and . He had graduated quickly from menial tasks to more important tasks. Riggs, Robert. Bloody Sunday is a dramatization of the Irish civil rights protest march and subsequent massacre by British troops on January 30, 1972. Many of these Mexican American inmates who became prison gang members had to submit to a serious requirement for membership and could only leave the gang through their death. Before Sandoval could stand to face trial though, he fled. Both the Texas Syndicate and Mexikanemi team up against the Barrio Azteca. During Sandovals trial, witnesses told a Walker County jury that doors in the Ellis I prison units south end were routinely left unlocked by guards in 1986. The murder came as a result of the Gulf Cartel hiring the Texas Syndicate to kidnap Serrano from his home in Texas and take him to cartel members in Mexico. Albanian Mafia families or clans are usually made up of groups of fewer than 100 members, constituting an extended family residing all along the Balkan route from Eastern Turkey, to Western Europe, and North America. The panel consisted of acting/front boss Thomas "Tommy Ryan" Eboli, underboss Gerardo "Gerry" Catena and consigliere Michele "Big Mike" Miranda while others served in the advisory capacity, Mike Coppola was considered an influential capo and was used to help the panel. We haven't found a single catalogue or brochure for travelling at the agency, computers were not operating, nor has the printer been ever used. Unfolding in real time we're able to see exactly how the . He could not return to employment at the Texas Department of Criminal Justice. In South Texas, Sandoval primarily interacted with Mexican American friends from the barrios and the housing projects of Kingsville, TX. According to The New York Times published on January 2006, "Beginning in the 1990s, the Corporation, led by a man named Alex Rudaj, established ties with established organized crime figures including members of the Gambino crime family , the authorities say. But they won't go near the Albanian mob. These positions were, however, opening in Texas due to the loss of the veteran prison guards. The non-violent ways prison gangs wielded their multi-faceted agency beyond merely employing violent means is often overlooked. With the Texas prison administration on alert with the rise of homicides, unit officials had to respond quickly to disturbances. Eventually we found out that "Eulinda" had already transferred 150 million dollars to Kosovo for "humanitarian purposes", says Bruckert. He charged that Texas prison officials have a very big stake in finding me guilty, because it will take the liability off them in the lawsuit. Sandoval testified that Arredondos family filed a $2 million lawsuit against him and the Texas Department of Criminal Justice (McKay 1991). There were approximately sixty prison gang related homicides between 1984-1985. Ruz claimed the Texas Department of Corrections (TDC) prison system violated the U.S. Constitutions 8th Amendment which prohibited cruel and unusual punishment. It however, only played a brief part of the court proceedings of Sandovals murder trial. Robert Draper, a journalist for the Texas Monthly provided an apt description of this homicide scene: Help me, Boss! Turning around, Sandoval saw a Hispanic inmate [Cesario Gonzales] standing behind a hallway crash-gate, clinging to the bars with both hands. Sandoval as a Mexican American new boot, at the ripe age of twenty-one, during the most violent period of Texas prison history succumbed and became a duck as employment for Mexican Americans was not taken for granted. The State of Texas vs Luis H. Sandoval Case No. Analysis: Bloody Sunday was a massive driver of activism and fund-raising within the Irish-American community With the possible exception of April 10th 1998, and May 5th 1981, no date has. Seventeen Texas Syndicate gang members living across Central Texas were arrested after federal authorities uncovered a methamphetamine and heroin trafficking operation, according to a news. Robert Riggs Reports Blood In. Furthermore, since the rapid growth of prison gangs in the late 1970s and early 1980s, prison gangs in Texas were responsible for several dozen homicides, hundreds of assaults on other inmates and staff, and have had a stranglehold on power in Texas prisons since then. Believed by MI6 to be Albanian, Le Chiffre is banker to the world's terrorist organizations. Historically, prison gangs had been built along strict racial guidelines regarding membership, but also for those who participated in gang activity. Sandoval was caught in the crossfire of prison changes. Derry, Northern Ireland, on Jan. 30, 1972. Sunday Bloody Sunday Lyrics [Intro] Yeah, mm-hm [Verse 1] I can't believe the news today Oh, I can't close my eyes and make it go away [Refrain] How long? Activists who gathered virtually and in person to commemorate a pivotal day in the civil rights struggle that became known as Bloody Sunday called on people to continue the fight for voting rights as they also honored giants of the civil rights movement, including the late U.S. Rep. John Lewis, who died last year. In 1991, for example, a prison guard who worked at the Ellis I unit where Sandoval had once worked was indicted with drug muling. In fact, from roughly 1986 to 1991, the special prison prosecution unit charged at least sixty Texas prison guards with felony offenses (Draper, 1991). How long must we sing this song? Both were also newly employed prison guards, a continuation of the 1980s-increased-hiring-wave. Ethnicity and state identity likewise impacted Luis H. Sandovals relationships with inmates. He was eventually terminated from the Texas Department of Corrections. Texas prisons were mostly gang-free until bloody battles broke out in 1984-85 between the Mexican Mafia and Texas Syndicate as well as the Aryan Brotherhood and Mandingo Warriors. The gang felt that the mother of 3 had crossed the line and ordered TS member Magnaleno Medina to kidnap and murder her. However, there was another way in which prison gangs pursued and successfully maintained their power. They continued the war and within month's police began arresting top members of the Camorra gangs. One of these banks was discovered by accident by the Dsseldorf police when they were checking a travel agency "Eulinda" owned by the Albanians. The victim, who was also a TS member was wrestled down and intentionally overdosed with a shot of heroin. 'No reasonable grounds' for arrest of Bloody Sunday paratroopers Crime Ex-paratroopers launch legal bid to halt Bloody Sunday murder inquiry Crime Bloody Sunday arrest could lead to chain of. On Monday [June 24], at eight in the morning, Sandoval reported for duty at the Ellis I training academy in Huntsville (Draper, 1991) where he eventually secured employment with the TDC as a prison guard after completing several weeks of mandatory training. Rosas eventually confessed to actually stabbing Arredondo but was offered a favorable deal in exchange for his testimony [against Sandoval]; and Ruben Ortiz, a convicted murderer and TS sex slave [] was paroled after he agreed to testify (Draper, 1991).