Psychological capital intervention (PCI): A replication and extension. Consider recreating important events once its safe. Clarifying the relation of acculturative stress and anxiety/depressive symptoms: The role of anxiety sensitivity among Hispanic college students. WebSupport in faith was a positive predictor for perceived stress, depression, anxiety, and insomnia. The COVID-19 pandemic may be stressful. Baj-Korpak J, Zaworski K, Szymczuk E, Shpakou A. Int J Environ Res Public Health. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35(S1), S120S138. In future, researchers may wish to investigate whether PsyCap predicts longitudinal changes in well-being in the COVID-19 context. Keyes, C. L. M. (2002). A similar application was applied to learning English specifically for midwifery students on Flores Island during the covid-19 pandemic. WebMike T. Docmerit is a great platform to get and share study resources, especially the resource contributed by past students and who have done similar courses. Current Psychology, 36(4), 875887. There are a number of research-based approaches offered in the field of positive psychology to guide mental health professionals to facilitate development of PsyCap and other important well-being correlates. Additionally, data collection methods and sample demographics would likely limit generalizability. College student retention: An exploration of the relationship between self-efficacy beliefs and purpose in life among university students. 2022 Oct 27;19(21):13994. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192113994. Most educational institutions made sure that instruction was uninterrupted at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Northwestern University. Psychological capital and beyond. Given the ongoing repercussions of the pandemic, we recommend continued and longitudinal studies on well-being, coping strategies, and PsyCap. The five pillars of well-being are defined and measured separately but are correlated constructs that together are considered to result in flourishing (Seligman, 2011). Adaptive coping strategies were also conducive to well-being. Data were collected online in May and June 2020 using Qualtrics after obtaining approval from the IRBs of our respective universities. Relationship of Demographic Factors, Psychological Capital, and Coping Strategies With Change in PERMA Elements, Note. If you notice that you are feeling upset or more irritable, take a break from watching, reading, or listening to news stories, including social media. Results of a repeated-measures ANOVA presented in Figure 1 indicate that mean scores of PERMA decreased significantly during COVID-19: = .620; F (5,604) = 73.99, p < .001. Or maybe youve stayed put and worry about your family. Karen. OH Stress Health, 31(3), 180188. Researchers have reported that high levels of technology and social media use are associated with depression and anxiety among adolescents and young adults (Huckins et al., 2020; Primack et al., 2017; Twenge, 2017). Background: During COVID-19 pandemic, student nurses were faced with lot of challenges at both clinical and teaching and learning environment. From the Great Depression to 9/11 and Hurricane Katrina, victims of these life-shattering events have had to deal with their present circumstances and were also left with worries about how life and society would be inexorably altered in the future. A suffering generation: Six factors contributing to the mental health crisis in North American higher education. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the functioning of universities worldwide. Exercise regularly. WebOwning Your Feelings & Moving Through Emotional Discomfort. (2012). International Business Research, 8(10), 102111. Torinomi C, Lindenberg K, Mltner A, Herpertz SC, Holm-Hadulla RM. Students use of religious coping, Fig 7. These patterns are primarily driven by those with more negative experiences of the pandemic. Positive psychologists have asserted that studies of wellness and flourishing are important in understanding adaptive behaviors and the potential for growth from challenging circumstances (Joseph & Linley, 2008; Seligman, 2011). International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 4(1), 92100. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062106, Deaton, A. Web1. (2008). The statistical analysis showed that during the coronavirus pandemic, Polish students most often used the coping strategies of: acceptance, planning, and seeking emotional support. Perhaps youre juggling your childrens educational needs as well as your own. Americans stress, worry and anger intensified in 2018. The following research questions guided our work: Participants The main coping methods used were watching movies and listening to music (81%), playing sports (80%), praying (75%), rigorously applying social distancing measures Mental health problems and help-seeking behavior among college students. Students use of religious coping (mean) and sources of expected support during the, Fig 8. Journal of Happiness Studies: An Interdisciplinary Forum on Subjective Well-Being, 20(1), 5165. Research Question 2 Get up, go to bed and do your work at the same time every day. Fear and worrying about the virus can be overwhelming and cause strong emotions in adults and children. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-06-2015-0091. Prior to exploring the role of PsyCap and coping strategies on change in well-being due to COVID-19, an initial analysis was conducted to understand the characteristics and relationships of constructs in the study. Instruments utilized in the study measured psychological capital (Psychological Capital Questionnaire [PCQ-12]; Avey, Avolio et al., 2011), coping (Brief COPE; Carver, 1997), and well-being (PERMA-Profiler; Butler & Kern, 2016). Miyazaki, Y., Bodenhorn, N., Zalaquett, C., & Ng, K.-M. (2008). Investigating the current state of emotional responses and coping strategies of nurses and college nursing students in Anhui Province found that women showed more severe anxiety and fear than men and COVID-19 is a pressure source with great influence, both for individuals and for the social public groups. Twenge, J. M. (2017). They could also be adapted to provide services online. WebCoping with the Crisis As with any difficult situation, each person relies on different coping mechanisms. Stress associated with adapting to online learning presented particular challenges for students who did not have adequate internet access in their homes (Hoover, 2020). Following the biopsychosocial model of health, the goal of the current study was to predict peoples psychological well-being (PWB) during the initial lockdown phase of the pandemic and to investigate which coping strategies were most common among people with low and high Book ReviewCollege Counseling and Student Development: Theory, Practice, and Campus Collaboration, Reflections on Power From Feminist Women Counselor Educators, Evaluating the Impact of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy on Hope and Clinical Symptoms With Latine Clients, Guidelines and Recommendations for Writing a Rigorous Quantitative Methods Section in Counseling and Related Fields. PsyCaps positive psychological resources (HERO dimensions) may enable students to have a positive appraisal of circumstances (F. Luthans et al., 2007, p. 550) by providing mechanisms for reframing and reinterpreting potentially negative or neutral situations. A., Shensa, A., Escobar-Viera, C. G., Barrett, E. L., Sidani, J. E, Colditz, J. Age was positively correlated with change in PERMA elements, but not gender. (2020). The COVID-19 outbreak caused global disruptions in all aspects of life. Journal of Management Development, 35(9), 10981118. WebMike T. Docmerit is a great platform to get and share study resources, especially the resource contributed by past students and who have done similar courses. Fifty-four percent of the participants were undergraduate students (n = 326), and the remaining 46% were graduate students (n = 283). How Do I Feel Better When The World Is Burning? The author(s) received no specific funding for this work. It was found that nursing students have negative coping methods, such as not being able to manage time well due to constraints at home and spending too much time on the phone, internet, and computer. Seligmans multidimensional model integrates both hedonic and eudaimonic views of well-being, and each of the well-being components is seen to have the following three properties: (a) it contributes to well-being, (b) it is pursued for its own sake, and (c) it is defined and measured independently from the other components (Seligman, 2011). WebThis study intends to investigate the extent to which students' learning experience has been meaningful and satisfying, and their sentiment on online distance learning due to the implementation of emergency remote teaching (ERT). A further consideration is that the PERMA model of well-being (Seligman, 2011) may not be associated with similar outcomes for people of other cultures and backgrounds during COVID-19. * p < .05, ** p < .01. Demographic Questionnaire Of the final 609 participants, 73.7% (n = 449) identified as female, 22% (n = 139) identified as male, and 4.3% (n = 26) identified as non-binary. Umucu, E., Wu, J.-R., Sanchez, J., Brooks, J. M., Chiu, C.-Y., Tu, W.-M., & Chan, F. (2020). -, Beiter R, Nash R, McCrady M, Rhoades D, Linscomb M, Clarahan M, et al.. Whether its an internship, dissertation defense or graduation ceremony, important events may not happen this year. Coefficients of determination for models predicting well-being from PsyCap dimensions ranged from 4% to 28%. Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help The coronavirus pandemic is pushing America into a mental health crisis. Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being. Overall, as seen in Table 1, all three variables studiedPsyCap HERO dimensions, eight PERMA elements, and coping strategieswere highly related. 2023 Feb 10;13(2):429-439. doi: 10.3390/ejihpe13020032. The International Association of Counseling Services, Inc., 2008 [cited 2021 Feb 23]. Selvaraj, P. R., & Bhat, C. S. (2018). Specifically, the study addresses coping strategies and psychological capital (PsyCap; F. Luthans et al., 2007) and how they relate to levels of well-being. In this study, accepting the realities, using alternative affirmative explanations, seeking social support for meeting emotional needs, and engaging in active problem-focused coping behaviors seem to be the most helpful ways to counter the negative effects of the pandemic on well-being. Disclaimer. In M. Lewis & J. M. Haviland (Eds. Therefore, this Web-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among university students from Depression is a state of low mood that can lead to several negative outcomes on thoughts, emotions, behaviors, and even physical state. Predictors of Students' Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Impact of Coping Strategies, Sense of Coherence, and Social Support. Measuring well-being: A comparison of subjective well-being and PERMA. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1(2), 7382. However, after COVID-19, self-efficacy did not present as a predictor of well-being in this study. Worries about sickness, finances, and isolation, coping with grief from loss, and having less outside help have made parenting more stressful. Flourishing (or well-being) is defined as a dynamic optimal state of psychosocial functioning that arises from functioning well across multiple psychosocial domains (Butler & Kern, 2016, p. 2). Recognize that the current circumstances are hard for everyone. Teaching university students active coping strategies, such as positive reframing and how to access emotional support, could help them cope with adverse situations. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Research Question 3 Accessibility Atria Books. Newman, A., Ucbasaran, D., Zhu, F., & Hirst, G. (2014). (2013). sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Priscilla Rose Prasath, PhD, MBA, LPC (TX), is an assistant professor at the University of Texas at San Antonio. Healthcare workers were exposed to this highly infectious virus during the pandemic and suffered several social and psychological consequences, such as anxiety, psychological distress, and burnout. Are you able to do these activities? Dont judge yourself; just do the best you can. Your classmates and family members are anxious, too. Thus, based on the current results and on the participatory model of intervention, a support program for students is proposed which would involve psychological, organizational, and instrumental support. https://doi.org/10.1177/0034355217702136. Universities across the country closed for in-person instruction and activities, transitioning to remote learning. (2009). https://www.immagic.com/eLibrary/ARCHIVES/GENERAL/ACCA_US/A081007G.pdf, Teixeira RJ, Brando T, Dores AR. PsyCap is defined as an, individuals positive psychological state of development characterized by (1) having confidence (self-efficacy) to take on and put in the necessary effort to succeed at challenging tasks; (2) making a positive attribution (optimism) about succeeding now and in the future; (3) persevering toward goals and, when necessary, redirecting paths to goals (hope) in order to succeed; and (4) when beset by problems and adversity, sustaining and bouncing back and even beyond (resilience) to attain success. Further, PsyCap HERO dimensions were negatively correlated to negative emotion and loneliness. Objectives To assess the psychological distress, anxiety, depression, coping strategies, Studies show that all five pillars of well-being in the PERMA model are associated with better academic outcomes in students, such as improved college life adjustment, achievement, and overall life satisfaction (Butler & Kern, 2016; DeWitz et al., 2009; Tansey et al., 2018). Thus, from a pedagogical and psychological point of view, it is pertinent to examine the students' strategies of coping with stress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Conversely, when individuals employed problematic coping strategies such as behavioral disengagement and self-blame (Carver, 1997), the negative impacts were much stronger than the positive effect of adaptive coping strategies.
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